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Essay / Boas's Theory of Anthropology - 881
The two approaches (idealist, materialist) to anthropology are at war with each other, I thought both had points to argue from a fashionable way to interpret primitive culture. Boas, the idealist view argues for a historical approach to studying and interpreting culture. His theory of cultural relativism examines the context and history of primitive culture to interpret and understand cultures. He argues that the idea of uniform evolution does not fully explain culture and its change; however, he agrees that some cultures will draw on the past experiences of other cultures and appropriate what they find useful to shape their own. For Boas, a materialist view is not something we should explore, it does not explain the uniqueness of a culture. EleanorIn my opinion, there is no one right way to view culture, however, I believe theorists have argued that primitive cultures are unique and that studying them gives us insight into their cultures. Boas is the father of anthropology in America, and his idea is well known among anthropologists and non-anthropologists alike. It may not be complete, but he started something great and his idealistic vision is an approach that defends the uniqueness of cultures. Anthropologists after Boas have created theories and even produced theories that view these primitive cultures from a different perspective. Eleanor Leacock may not be a fan of Boas, but his contributions surely lead her on her own path and she questions the anthropologists before her. It has provided a better understanding of gender inequalities in egalitarian cultures and its contribution is not forgotten. Wolf can argue that Leacock did not stop to think that perhaps this culture was already changing before colonization and that the power of these cultures lies in the cultural environment. Wolf may be neither a materialist nor an idealist, but I believe he is closest to a materialist. His study of both structural and tactical power is one that many will talk about and argue about; However, we can recognize that Wolf is right: we need to ask new questions about understanding culture. Culture is something that will be studied for years and many questions will remain unanswered, but we as humans never stop evolving. Wolf expresses this in his argument that we must try to answer the questions and the only ones responsible for this answer are the anthropologists who study primitives.