The United Nations was founded with high hopes of establishing world peace, based on the principles of collective security and self-determination. Its ill-fated predecessor, the League of Nations, failed to secure peace and collapsed due to World War II. By the end of the war, the UN was being established, and tensions between the United States and the USSR quickly escalated. escalating into a conflict known as the Cold War. The effectiveness of the UN would soon be tested. Could the organization succeed in maintaining peace and ensuring collective security or would it become a mere instrument of superpower policy? The United Nations was envisioned in the 1941 Atlantic Charter by Roosevelt and Churchill and further developed during wartime conferences. It was founded in 1945 as part of the Treaty of San Francisco. The organization is based on a charter which describes the main objectives of this international organization. The two most important organs of the United Nations are the General Assembly and the Security Council. The General Assembly is a forum for all member states to discuss and make decisions. However, the most powerful body is the Security Council, which presides over the most important and critical issues. It is made up of five members: the United States, the United Kingdom, the USSR, China and France. Each has a right of veto. In the late 1940s, tensions between the United States and the USSR began to escalate. This was a clear threat to the UN, as it significantly challenged its ability to implement its charter in a healthy and meaningful way. The USA and USSR were at the heart of the organization and these tensions meant that they would not be willing to cooperate and thus would hinder the...... middle of paper ...... announced and expelled from all Soviets. Eastern bloc diplomats in the capital. The Soviets thought the West was behind all this. Mubutu, the commander of the AMC and Kasavubu, joined forces to turn against Lumumba. They then turned to the UN for protection, which decided to support Mubutu and Kasavubu. Lumumba organized an attack on the regime, but this was quickly suppressed and Lumumba was captured and assassinated. The UN Security Council was convened on December 7, 1960 to consider Soviet demands that the UN demanded the immediate release of Lumumba, the immediate restoration of Lumumba as head of the Congolese government, the disarmament of Mobutu's forces and the immediate evacuation of the Belgians. of the Congo. Hammarskjöld, responding to Soviet attacks on his Congo operations, said that if UN forces were withdrawn from the Congo, "I fear everything will collapse ».."