From the poor neighborhood of the Bronx, New York, a youth culture was born that spread throughout the community like wildfire. On streets teeming with gangs and infested with drugs, a depravation of creativity forced underprivileged young African Americans onto the streets in search of a fodder for their imaginations. It was on these streets that hip-hop emerged as the product of independence, self-realization, creativity and pride. Hip-hop began between the transformations of the late 1960s and early 1970s. It was during this time that the old gangs of the late 1960s transformed into the troops and crews of the early 1960s. 70. When former gang territories became perfect places for block parties and outdoor jams. Former gang wars have transformed into fierce competitions between DJs and MCs, joined by numerous street dancers, both men and women, and colorful artistic performances by graffiti artists. Who started this movement? A man named Clive Campbell, also known as DJ Kool Herc, was the spark that lit the fire, as he developed the foundations of hip-hop by structuring it around the Jamaican tradition of toast- impromptu: proud poetry and dialogue set to music in which he observed as a child in Jamaica (Chang). Alongside the influential styles of Jamaica were the instrumental elements of disco. According to Kurtis Blow, hip-hop emerged as “a direct response to the watered-down, Europeanized disco music that was permeating the airwaves” (David D.). For example, much of early hip-hop was primarily based on hard disco and funk loops, earning it the name disco rap. Although Clive Campbell started the hip-hop movement, it was known as disco rap until Keith Cowboy's rap...... middle of paper......, was produced for help reduce gang activity and drug use. Jeff. I Can't Stop, I Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation. New York: Picador, 2006. Print.D., David. “The History of Hip Hop page 8.” Davey D's Hip Hop Corner - Where hip hop and politics meet. Internet. March 16, 2011. "Dr. Renford R. Reese Home Page." Cal Poly Pomona. Internet. March 17, 2011. “Hip Hop.” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Internet. March 17, 2011. "Rapping | Define rap at Dictionary.com." Dictionary.com | Free online dictionary for English definitions. Internet. March 16, 2011. .Schloss, Joesph. Foundation: B-boys, B-girls and hip-hop culture in New York. New York, NY: Oxford UP Inc, USA, 2009. Print.