Table of contentsSleep disordersCauses of sleep disordersLifestyle: shift work, alcohol and caffeineMental health problem: stress and anxiety disordersPhysical health problem : breathing problems and heart failureEffects of sleep disordersPhysical: Immune system and weightPsychological: emotion, speech and memorySocial: relational and community activitiesTreatments for sleep disordersMedicationsCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)ExerciseWorks citedSleep disordersSleep is a necessary process that we must follow to sustain life. People spend a third of their lives sleeping. It is the state of physical and mental rest in which a person loses awareness of their surroundings. And nothing replaces sleep. Sleep disorders involve problems with the quality, timing, and quantity of sleep that lead to problems with how our bodies function during the day. To understand the seriousness of sleep disorders, you need to know: the causes, effects and treatments of sleep disorders. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Causes of Sleep Disorders Nowadays, sleep has become an inconvenience for some people. With all the work and play they have to do during the day, sleep is sometimes ignored, which can cause sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders can be divided into three broad areas, including lifestyle, mental health problems, and physical health problems. Lifestyle: shift work, alcohol and caffeinePeople's lifestyle or the way they live affects their sleep health. Shift work is work that is performed on a schedule outside of the traditional 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. day. This may involve evening or night shifts, early morning shifts and rotating shifts. This causes an extreme change in sleeping patterns. By nature, humans are active during the day and restful at night. Shift work reverses this natural order and human bodies may not be able to change. According to the adversarial process model, sleep and wakefulness result from the interaction between two central nervous system (CNS) processes: a homeostatic sleep drive and a circadian alert system. Caffeine and alcohol are substances used that can cause lack of sleep. Caffeine in coffee that people drink during the day to stay awake. But one should avoid consuming anything containing caffeine before going to bed because if taken in excessive quantity it can cause a harmful cycle. When it's time to sleep, it will prevent you from getting proper rest. Drinking too much alcohol can cause sleep problems. Alcohol is very effective at suppressing melatonin, a key sleep facilitator and regulator of the sleep-wake cycle. Research indicates that a moderate dose of alcohol up to an hour before bed can reduce melatonin production by almost 20 percent. Alcohol has a direct effect on circadian rhythms that regulate almost every process in the body, from metabolism and immunity to energy, sleep and libido. Mental health problem: stress and anxiety disorders. Sleep disorders can cause mental health problems. Stress is one of the main causes of sleep disorders like insomnia. An unexpected event can lead to chronic insomnia. People with chronic insomnia have trouble falling and staying asleep. In humans, stress can lead toautonomic nervous system (ANS) to release hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones increase the heart rate to circulate blood more efficiently to vital organs and muscles, preparing the body to take immediate action if necessary. According to a National Sleep Foundation survey, 43% of people ages 13 to 64 reported staying awake at night due to stress at least once in the past month. Many anxiety disorders are associated with difficulty sleeping. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is frequently associated with poor sleep. Panic attacks during sleep may suggest panic disorder. Poor sleep resulting from nightmares may be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical health problem: respiratory problems and heart failure. Like caffeine, breathing problems like snoring can make it more difficult to fall asleep, as can the use of steroids or other respiratory medications. which also have a stimulating effect. Heart failure is a condition characterized by a progressive decline in the heart's ability to pump or circulate blood adequately. Heart failure patients may wake up at night feeling short of breath because excess body fluid builds up around their lungs when they lie down. Effects of Sleep Disorders Not getting enough sleep can have a toxic effect on your entire life. It doesn't matter if sleep loss is due to lifestyle, a mental health problem, or a physical health problem. Poor rest impairs our ability to think, manage stress, moderate our emotions, maintain good health, and in some cases can even lead to death. If sleep disorders go unrecognized or untreated, a person can experience physical, psychological, and social problems. Physical: Immune System and Weight The dangers of sleep disorders can affect a person's physical well-being in several ways. The immune system and adequate rest are closely linked. Blood levels of specialized immune cells and important proteins called cytokines are altered when the body does not get enough rest. This creates a higher risk of infection than normal. One theory says that the immune system evolved drowsiness-inducing factors because inactivity and sleep offered an advantage. People who sleep well when experiencing an infection are better able to fight off the infection than those who sleep less. A sleep-deprived person may catch colds more frequently than a well-rested person. Another effect of sleep loss is the risk of obesity. A new study presented at the American Diabetes Society annual meeting suggests that healthy young people who regularly slept less than 6.5 hours a night had greater insulin resistance than people who slept 7.5 at 8.5 hours. Insulin resistance is the condition that often leads to type 2 diabetes. During sleep, your body releases specific hormones and chemicals that control appetite and manage weight gain. Researchers found that people who sleep 2 to 4 hours a night are 73% more likely to be obese than those who sleep 7 to 9 hours. Those who sleep 5 hours or more per night are 50% more likely to be obese. And those who work 10 hours or more are 11% less likely to be obese. If weight gain is not managed properly, it can also lead to other health problems in the future. Psychological: Emotion, speech and memory Without sufficient rest, ourpsychological state will begin to deteriorate. People become irritable and angry, both towards themselves and others. It is even possible to lose control of your emotions, which can lead to violence. This can harm relationships with family, friends and partners. Stress and anxiety levels both increase due to sleepiness. This can eventually lead to full-blown anxiety disorders and depression. Studies show that poor quality sleep can damage or destroy brain cells. When you don't get enough sleep, the part of the brain that controls language, memory, planning and timing is seriously affected or even shuts down. In fact, 17 hours of sustained wakefulness leads to a reduction in performance equivalent to a blood alcohol level of 0.05%. The brain's ability to solve problems is impaired when a person is sleep deprived. Normal decision-making abilities are compromised and the brain falls into rigid thought patterns that prevent us from generating new ideas to solve problems. Social: relational and community activities. Sleep problems can also interfere with a person's social life. Shift workers struggle to maintain family and social community ties. Night shift workers need to sleep during the day and often miss out on family activities, entertainment, and other social interactions. Childcare, housework, errands, and leaving a partner alone at night can lead to marital tension and family dysfunction. If family members work this schedule, it is very important to plan special times to share with friends and family. Treatments for Sleep Disorders When something is wrong with your body or mind, you need to see the doctor. The simplest way to treat sleep disorders is to get enough sleep and develop good sleep habits. But when these are not enough, other therapeutic options can be considered. The main treatments people often use are medications, cognitive behavioral therapy, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and exercise. Medications Certain medications like Zolpiclem, Zaleplon, and Eszopiclone work to facilitate GABA receptors in the body's central nervous system to inhibit the brain. activity. Zolpiclrm is available in a variety of formulations useful in many types of insomnia. Zaleplon has a rapid onset and a shorter duration of action, which makes it useful when waking up at midnight. Many psychiatric medications are used to promote sleep in people with insomnia. Caution should be exercised about the risk of becoming "over-sitting" using other medications when taking some of these medications. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Cognitive behavioral therapy is the most widely used therapy for sleep disorders. It can be conducted individually, in a group with similar sleep problems, or even online. Because the causes and symptoms of sleep disorders vary widely, CBT should always be tailored to your specific problems. CBT addresses negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to insomnia or other sleep problems. As the name suggests, cognitive behavioral therapy has two main components: cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy. Cognitive therapy teaches you to recognize and change negative beliefs and thoughts that contribute to mental health problems...>