Table of contentsIntroductionBackground of Braverman and Henry FordDeskilling in capitalist societyScientific managementCritiques of qualification and deskilling influenced by BravermanGlobal changes and the development of Post-FordismConclusionList of referencesIntroductionThe aim of this assignment is to critically discuss the notion of qualification and deskilling explained by Braverman and Henry Ford, in the face of the rapid global changes and developments of the capitalist state. A bit of the background of Braverman and Henry, signifying the beginning of everything they had and created. How has this played a role in society or overall what difference has it made to people and production companies. The essay also examines the impact of upskilling and downskilling, global changes and development. And the qualifying and deskilling approach and the criticisms leveled at Braverman's work. But Le Devoir focuses more on deskilling, notably through Braverman's theory and Taylorism in capitalist society. The essay examines scientific management because scientific management and Taylorism are most likely the same thing and go hand in hand. Taylorism and scientific management are theories meant to exert as much control as possible over work, they both influence work unlike Fordism, Fordism has an impact on production. Even though there are skills and deskills, the mission focuses more on de-killing. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Background of Braverman and Henry FordBraverman and Henry Ford explored the notion of skill and deskilling in its broadest scope once the truncated readings of Marx underpinned work methods theory. Henry Ford was the founder of Ford Motor Company, he was also the sponsor of mass production. He was an American industrialist, Henry invented the ideology or term called or known as Fordism. Fordism is disorderly production of cheap goods combined with high wages for workers. Fordism is primarily a kind of commercial production system, generally called production, developed by Henry Ford in the first two decades of the 20th century. Throughout this era, Fordism adhered to a unitary ideology of social control that viewed unions as an excess, but under pressure from workers and the state, ultimately recognized the legitimacy of union illustration and accepted a doctrinal compromise. Fordism is furthermore an associated national economy characterized by mass consumption through sharing the benefits of large-scale production economies. Braverman is known for his labor and monopoly capital, which reinvigorated a Marxist theory of the capitalist labor process in which deskilling was concomitant with the division of labor with capitalism. Braverman disputed the assertion that with new technologies and the growing importance of the service sector, the process of deskilling would slow down. Taylorism is the explicit verbalization of the capitalist mode of production. Braverman is also known for publishing a book on capitalism and monopoly. Deskilling in Capitalist Society Braverman explains deskilling as something that requires a formal definition of competence. He states that competence is based on technical elements which can be examined andobserved. As mentioned above, deskilling is a process whereby skilled labor within the economy is eliminated by the introduction of technologies operated by semi-skilled or unskilled workers, for example working in a position that is not suitable for your position, for example as a cashier. yet you are a qualified accountant but because of the demand of the work and the handling of technological machines. Marx views technical deskilling as an unprogressive weapon in the struggle for graduation:By replacing workers, capitalists deliberately seek to reduce the bargaining power of skilled workers. Machinists are easy to replace with unskilled workers, including women and children, and therefore have a much weaker bargaining position than highly specialized and well-trained workers. In times of high frequency, it has been clearly demonstrated to capitalists that skilled and specialized workers are essential to production and difficult to replace. Consequently, strikes encouraged capitalists to seek deskilling innovations; in England, strikes regularly gave rise to the invention and use of new machines. Machines were seen as the weapons used by capitalists to suppress the revolt of skilled labor. Fundamentally, deskilling in capitalist society has brought many changes, not just any changes. but developmental changes in scientific management. Braverman, in his thesis, mentioned that specialization leads to deskilling, meaning that the skills required in a job are questionable and not that specialization indicates whether the job is more skilled or not. For example, the difference between a specialist doctor and a nurse is that they both work in the same department but in different positions, so there is no impairment of professional qualifications. Deskilling is more about limiting people to doing what they are good at, not because they are not qualified or do not meet the requirements, but the job opportunities are very slim, forcing everyone to take everything that comes his way. For example, a qualified accountant working at Shoprite as a cashier knowing exactly that she didn't want to be a cashier but because of the technical machines slowly taking over, people end up being deskilled because of the technological machines taking over the positions and making work that was supposed to be done by qualified people. On the other side of the economy, business owners are rejoicing because they are sending less money to pay employers, which is why they continue to replace their employees and their employees become deskilled. Strict control can lead to deskilling when workers work in an environment that is not friendly and do not do something they do not like, but only for the pleasure of doing it. This can also lead to economic failure for the company. Deskilling took place throughout the period of industrial capitalism. Scientific Management Scientific management is a management theory that analyzes this workflow. The goal of scientific management is to ensure that the economy improves in the workplace, but in this content, scientific management and Taylorism are pretty much the same thing, especially when Braverman and Henry explain the two theories. The idea of ​​scientific management was constructed during the era of capitalism in America, before the Great Depression. It was also developed during the era of the explosive capitalist systemand the bureaucracy has objectified itself on the maximization of production yields with a minimum of costs. However, because of this, work has tended to be commodified and knowledge has been centralized in planning departments. All the imposed processes and structures have led to a deskilling of workers, which includes the notion of simplification and standardization of tools and tasks requested of workers. Scientific management as it exists has its own principles. The first principle is called “separation of the work process from the skills of the workers”. The work process was believed to be independent of the technicality of the work, including knowledge (Staples, 1993). Scientific management also involves creating new laws and rules, trying to prove certain points or facts that they have developed. Criticisms of upskilling and deskilling influenced by Braverman's work are criticized but it has been adopted by many departments, businesses and even educational institutions. apply Braverman's work, because it is very influential and his theories have been put into practice. But people will always find flaws and few cracks in anything a person does, which means Braverman's efforts aren't highly appreciated. Some researchers have criticized Braverman's theories to prove that some managers even imposed some of the things Braverman introduced, changed them without letting their employees question them, and that's final. Friedman (1977) argues that where worker revolt is large and organized, it exerts strong pressure on management, as it tends to avoid deskilling and acquires a strategy of responsible autonomy that allows workers to retain their skills and abilities. responsibilities. Research has shown that due to global changes and developments, various skills would be required to ensure flexibility and keep workers engaged and motivated due to the underlying belief that workers are motivated by challenges. Staples (1993). The criticisms of qualification and deskilling are that some researchers agree with Braverman and others disagree not because they do not see the impact of these theories but because they run away from responsibility and take responsibility for what happens in their area. working environment. The other thing that the researcher disagrees with the most with Braverman is some of the things that he mentioned in his work that lead to the deskilling and losses that the company suffers when things start to not go as planned, for example by taking people. who were expected to fill certain positions and use them to fill the positions they are more qualified for, this leads to deskilling because the skills the person has acquired are more like lost things and a level of work where you know that this is not for you. Global Changes and the Development of Post-Fordism Global Opportunities are changes that happen almost every year, they don't just happen in certain countries but on a global scale, meaning they happen everywhere in the world. world. Earth. The development of post-Fordism is what is happening today, it is a reflection of the mass production that took place in the 19th century. The developments of post-Fordism are the things they do differently from what was produced at the time, how they developed their other things for the future, and how Fordism developed. During the last..