The events that took place on September 11, 2001, although on American soil, marked the beginning of a new era of American security and relations in Canada. The planes that crashed into the Twin Towers led to serious changes to the U.S.-Canada border, airport security and societal outlook. Because Canada is economically, socially and politically linked to America, everything America did in response to the September 11 attacks had effects on Canada, creating a chain reaction in which Canada also implemented changes. Former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's analogy that America was like a sleeping elephant, every move they make affects Canada in one way or another, was very true at that time. Whitaker's 2012 article points out that there has not been a terrorist attack since 9/11, justifying the precautions and security measures taken by the Canadian government. Immediately after the attacks, Canadians took initiative despite the shock as chaos reigned in the south of the country. border. Canadian citizens took American citizens whose planes failed to land in the United States, allowing them to find shelter in schools, churches, homes, and emergency teams traveled to New York to help to relief efforts. However, the Canadian government has not taken an immediate action plan. Jean Chrétien, then Prime Minister of Canada, had no desire to involve himself and his country in foreign affairs, just like Pierre Trudeau, the former Liberal Prime Minister to sit in Parliament. Both leaders believed that Canada should focus on federal and provincial politics and were determined to keep Canada out of foreign issues. This ensured that no real change in security policies took place until two years later, when Jean Chrétien left...... middle of paper ...... but in everyday life. Works Cited Canada. Privy Council Office. Ensuring an Open Society: Canada's National Security Policy. Canada: 2004. The web. November 27, 2013. Chapin, Paul H. “In Afghanistan” The Transformation of Canada's International Security Policy Since September 11. American Journal of Canadian Studies 40 (2010): 189-199. Internet. November 27, 2013. Fry, Earl. “Canadian-American relations, a decade after September 11.” International Journal 67.4 (2012): 879-93. Reference CBCA. Internet. November 27, 2013. Murphy, Christopher. “Securitizing Canadian politics: a new policing paradigm for the security state after September 11? Canadian Journal of Sociology. 32.4 (2007): 449-475. Muse Project. Internet. November 27, 2013. Whitaker, Reg. “The national security regime in Canada after September 11: strengthening security, reducing accountability. » Review of Constitutional Studies 16 (2012): 139-158. Internet. November 27. 2013.