Describe how “it means to be healthy” can be described in different ways and how health-related concepts can differ, meaning that a universal definition of health poor health is unobtainable (1 1) The WHO definition of health “is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO 1948 ), but the use of the word "complete" constitutes a criticism on this subject. Since few people would have "full" physical, mental, and social faculties, this would leave many people not being "healthy" when most people are considered healthy. This definition is also considered consistent with that of pharmaceutical companies, in that the research is so thorough that pharmaceutical companies can create drugs for "problems" that do not yet or if ever will affect a person's health. a person. (Huber 2011) The biomedical approach focuses only on physical or biological symptoms, far removed from observing the mind. It uses both aspects, one of diagnosis and the other of treatment, but this requires a doctor, because in this model he is the only one authorized to diagnose. Pool and Geissler 2005 state that “illness is a state in which a person does not feel well or think well”, it is also described as a “dysfunction of the body”. The social model is one where a person's lifestyle, environment and economy are taken into account, and where it prefers prevention rather than treatment alone, because it takes into account a wide range of factors, which allows for more flexibility as more people can practice this approach. (ACS 2018)Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essay Describe the biomedical of health and explain how it can relate to Parson's functionalism and sick role. What are the criticisms addressed to the biomedical model? (1. 2 & 1. 3) The biomedical field of health is one where health is considered using a very medical approach with little or no consideration for alternative approaches. Illness is made up of very physical foods like viruses or pathogens. This view is from the perspective of medical intervention with a remedial approach, as it rather cures the disease than counteracts the effects that make someone sick. The biomedical approach has two aspects: diagnosis, that is to say the identification of the disease or condition by direct observation of symptoms or by diagnostic tests, for example x-rays, scans, blood tests, ultrasounds, etc. The second aspect being intervention, measures taken to improve health through medical treatment, hospitalization, prescriptions and surgical interventions. The benefits are that this reinforces the need to modernize technology and improve research, as without this little would be known about how to treat and diagnose diseases, leading to effective treatment of common problems such than infections or injuries and improve life expectancy and quality of life. of life. The disadvantages are that it requires money, as becoming a doctor is very expensive in terms of time and money, as this model relies on the diagnosis of a medical professional. It is also not intended for anyone to lead a “healthy” life, but simply to cure a problem. illness when it occurs, but not all illnesses have a cure, such as cancer or other long-term fatal illnesses. Additionally, this model does not helppeople who live in countries that do not have universally accessible health care. (Roth 2013) This relates to functionalism because it gives the person the power to improve themselves and become a productive person within society again, such as Parson's (1951) sick role theory which gives a person certain rights and responsibilities as a person with a health problem. cannot fulfill the same duties as a healthy person. This also implies a form of deviance in that a sick person behaves differently from a non-sick person. It will also be positively sanctioned and legitimized when endorsed by someone in the community or an authority figure, ie. going to doctors to get a note that would make being sick and missing school or work more acceptable and would allow you to have more lenient expectations. Parsons assigned certain rights and responsibilities to someone who is ill, these rights being that he is not blamed for the illness and should be given the latitude of others, but he should also take responsibility for himself. priority to recover and seek treatment, but both are only temporary. (Serva 2018) Parsons moves towards the broader ideals of functionalism which require people to solve the problem in order to regain their role within society (Naeem 2015) In functionalism, medicine is seen as central to management of society because its function is to bring people back to their role within society. work and play their role.c) Describe the socio-medical model of health and describe the extent to which it might be relevant to Marxism (1. 2 and 1. 3) The socio-medical model focuses on social factors, cultural, environmental and economic. Uses a more community-based approach to preventing disease, uses policies, education and health promotion as it goes beyond lifestyle and behavior as it sees the need for attitudinal change social with regard to health. It was developed in the late 1970s and 1980s. It is based on five main key principles which address the broader determinants of health, reduce social inequalities, empower individuals within communities, improve access to healthcare health and encourage intersectoral collaboration. An example of this is the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion in 1986, where the WHO held the first international health conference, the main goal of which was to achieve "health" by 2000. One document consisted of three health promotion principles, 8 prerequisites (conditions or resources) for health gains, and 5 priority or action areas. The advantages of this model are an increase in education at the mass level, it is supported by the government as with vaccinations, it is a cheaper approach to prevent diseases as a healthy lifestyle generally equates to better quality of life, this also involves the community at all levels, including government engagement, all of which increases economic development which encourages good health and reinforces more productive living. However, the negatives are that not everyone in a population is motivated at the same level because there are still people who smoke or are overweight, some people harbor the belief that illness will not happen to them because that in some cases, certain diseases are not preventable. such as certain types of cancer and the results of this model are difficult to obtain quickly because education takes a long time to produce an effect. (Roth 2013) This relates to Marxism.