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  • Essay / Prevalence of different gingival biotypes

    Tissue biotype is one of the critical factors that determine the outcome of prosthodontic treatment. Initial gingival thickness predicts the outcome of any implant procedure or restorative treatment. It has been documented that patients with a thin gingival biotype were more likely to experience gingival recession after implantation and restorative procedures. [2] The thicker biotype prevents mucosal recession, hides restorative margins, and camouflages titanium implant shadows. It also preserves the biological seal around the implants, thus reducing crestal bone resorption. Thick biotypes include flat soft tissue and bony architecture, denser and more fibrous soft tissue with a large amount of attached masticatory mucosa, they are more resistant to any acute trauma and respond to disease with the formation of pockets and infrabony defects. Gingival thickness affects the treatment outcome, probably due to the difference in the amount of blood supplied to the underlying bone and the susceptibility to resorption. [8],[12],[15] The thin gingival biotype is related to a thin band of keratinized tissue and a scalloped gingival contour that suggests thin bony architecture and is more susceptible to any inflammation or trauma.[8], [13],[14]Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”? Get an original essay The ability of the gum tissue to cover any underlying material is essential to achieve aesthetic results, especially in cases of implants and restorative dentistry, where subgingival metal restorations are mainly used. In this study, the metal periodontal probe was used in the sulcus to assess the thickness of the gingival tissue because it is a reliable, objective, economical and minimally invasive method since periodontal probing procedures are regularly performed during any aesthetic, restorative and implant treatment.[2],[16] In the present study, the gingival biotype presented a significant difference between male and female subjects. These results are consistent with studies conducted by Muller et al., [18] who stated that a third of the sample consisted of women with a slimmer biotype and that Vandana et al, studied on 32 individuals, showed a thicker gingiva in men reporting thinner generalized gingiva. masticatory mucosa for women. [26] RG Shiva Manjunath et al stated that 44.7% of women have a thin gingival biotype and 76.9% of men have a thick biotype. The gingival biotype in women varies with age, unlike in men. [19] De Rouck et al., in their study, also found a significant difference between male and female subjects. It concluded that 84% of all central incisors measured in male participants had a thick biotype compared to female participants.[4] According to a survey conducted by Bhat et al., the thicker biotype is more prevalent in the male population while the female population consists of a thin and scalloped biotype. The present study showed a significant correlation between biotype and crown height, sulcus depth, width of attached gingiva and papilla height. This is in accordance with studies conducted by Anand et al who stated that a lower sulcus depth is expected in thin biotype teeth, [25] Malhotra et al where a significant correlation exists between crown height, width of the attached gingiva and the height of the papilla. [1] While the study conducted by Zweers et al showed a narrow area of ​​gingiva.. [22]