Darwin was a product of his times and with his times came the ideas of sexism and racism which were clearly integrated into his theories. Some facets of Darwin's theory about the differences between men and women can be explained by biology, but overall it is clear that his theory is based on the sexist ideas that were prevalent in the 19th century. Women are expected to be caring, selfless, maternal and submissive, while men are expected to be dominant, aggressive, successful and confident. Much of Darwin's theory regarding the differences between men and women can be explained by the social expectations that have shaped what is acceptable in society. Recent studies show that women are considered the emotional sex in all cultures (Crawford and Unger). Darwin says: “Woman seems to differ from man in her mental disposition, chiefly in her greater tenderness and less selfishness; and this applies even to savages…” (Darwin 234). This is simply an observation of socially imposed norms that Darwin considered to be evolutionary traits. Darwin's hypothesis that mental dispositions lead to differences in attitudes between men and women can be explained by the stereotypes instilled in people. Gender stereotypes begin to form in children by the age of five and are usually fully entrenched by late adolescence (Crawford and Unger). Women are expected to be tender and caring towards others, as well as submissive. While none of this is to say that stereotyping is bad, since it is a normal process, it simply explains why it is due to social factors and not biological ones. A study was conducted to see people's reactions to the sad and angry faces of men and women. women. When these two faces were mixed, as in, the angry woman and the sad woman were mixed...... middle of paper ...... are in an unpleasant situation while women are not ( Crawford and Unger). Since men tend to be more uncomfortable, they simply prefer to reduce their physical reactions by not wanting to face problems. Thus, the responsibility of maintaining a healthy relationship may fall under the woman's duty. “It is not probable that man's greater strength was primarily acquired by the inherited effects of his having worked harder than woman for the support of himself and his family. ; for the women of all barbarous nations are obliged to work at least as hard as the men” (234). Men are generally stronger than women, but this is not necessarily always true. Women could be as strong as men if cultural and beauty standards were different and if that was what women wanted. This idea evolved from social factors implemented more than evolution or biology..