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  • Essay / Multilateralism and its history in the United States: an overview of its origins

    Multilateralism is a very equivocal term. Its main use has its origins in the American foreign policy of 1945, declaring that multilateralism was "international governance or global governance of the greatest number" articulated on bilateral anti-discriminatory and anti-preferential agreements. Indeed, the original form of multilateralism: post-war American multilateralism is in reality resolutely unilateral, with US-based institutional frameworks dominating the world while its designers ignore the rules of the game. President Bush has aptly stated that “when it comes to security, we (Americans) really don't need anyone's permission” (Ikenberry 2003). The United States has repeatedly withdrawn or even refused to ratify several multilateral treaties, while expecting other entities to sign on to them. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essay To challenge the first usage, as Robert Keohane states, it is "the practice of coordinating national policies in groups of three or more states" (Ruggie 1992) and (Bull 2007) defines the system multilateral as “all multilateral organizations, the rules and principles which govern them and the actors who participate in their governance or their operations”. Although multilateralism is supposed to be the most egalitarian and democratic process to ensure the sharing of power and resources, it can also act as an obstacle to further development for developing countries, undermining state sovereignty, implementing counterproductive measures to block growth, without taking into account particular needs. and the particularities of weaker states, such as weaker infrastructure, technological deficits, limited finances, and legitimacy deficits (Hale 2013). Multilateralism, based on indivisibility between the committed partners of a community and on diffuse reciprocity, allows a certain understanding of the global political economy to the extent that it democratizes global governance via measures taken for the "common good". ". Unity in diversity; and one for all and all for one are the dominant themes while multilateral institutions and organizations are the mechanisms used to facilitate cooperation and redistribution programs. At the same time, contemporary multilateralism engages international neoliberal institutions (Zürn 2004). Multilateralism, like international relations theory, adopts a multidimensional theoretical framework. (Neo)liberalism, realism, (neo)Gramscianism, constructivism, Marxism, institutionalism, poststructuralism, and critical theory merge paradigms in the study of global governance. This multidimensional approach works best to understand multilateralism since the questions of state actors, non-state actors, hegemonies, collective norms/values/ideals and ideas, institutions, collective security, social class, freedom and rights orientation partly demonstrate the dynamics of multilateralism. structures and agencies and their concomitant actions/interactions and interrelationships. Multilateralism is proposed as the solution to inevitable common problems that threaten security, such as political upheaval, conflicts, trade relations, environmental risks, health risks and crime. Keep in mind: this is just one 2007).