This chapter introduces some of the new and emerging wireless communications technologies. It also discusses some of the new wireless technologies that may materialize in the future due to end-user demand, and therefore advances in the research of new technologies. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essay5G5G (also known as 5th generation wireless systems, or beyond 4G, or beyond of Mobile Communications Technologies of 2020) is one of the next buzzwords for the world of mobile communications of the future. It can be considered a user-centric network, as opposed to the operator-centric approach seen in 3G and the service-centric approach in 4G. 5G is not yet detailed in any particular specification in any official document from a telecommunications standards body. However, 5G terminals are expected to be software-defined radios capable of using access to different wireless networks simultaneously. They should be able to download and incorporate new modulation and error control schemes, and they should also be able to link different data streams from different technologies (called multi-mode MTs). The network will be the party responsible for managing user mobility, while the MT will make the final choice among the different wireless network providers for a given service. Additionally, larger wireless spectrum allocations, highly directional beamforming antennas at the MT and MT. BS, longer battery life, lower probability of network outage, much higher bit rates in larger parts of the wireless coverage area, lower infrastructure costs, and higher overall capacity for many Simultaneous users in licensed and unlicensed spectrum (Wi-Fi and cellular) are expected from 5G in a paper by Li et al. (2009). The article also predicts that 5G backbone networks will shift from copper and fiber optic wireless connections to millimeter wave wireless connections. In the article by Tombaz, Västberg and Zander (2011), the authors analyzed the design limitations of future very high capacity connections. wireless access systems, as well as their impact on the overall system architecture. Traditional mobile systems have been primarily limited by available bandwidth, but in the future, high-capacity data systems will be increasingly limited by energy and infrastructure costs. Some fundamental assumptions and expectations regarding future wireless infrastructures can be summarized as: It is not only the cost of energy, but also the total cost of the access network, which is strongly influenced by the number of wireless stations basis of the network. If the energy cost is high, the total cost will be minimized for dense BS deployments. In high density scenarios, the quiescent power of BS as well as backhaul will increase as a significant factor. The cost of energy is also highly dependent on the amount of spectrum available. Significant energy and infrastructure savings can be made if more spectrum can be made available. Optimizing MT power consumption is vital in current devices and will also remain a key factor in the future, due to the fact that battery technologies improve very slowly compared to the evolution of other technologies or MT which..