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  • Essay / Review of the literature on body dysmorphic disorder

    Wilhelm et al. (2019) This study determined that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is more effective than supportive therapy in reducing the intensity of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) symptoms and associated understanding of body dysmorphic disorder, symptoms associated with depression, functional disability and quality of life, and whether these effects are long-lasting. The research included randomized clinical evaluations conducted in hospital settings on patients diagnosed with body dysmorphia. Subjects (n = 120) were randomized to the CBT BDD part (N = 61) or the supportive psychotherapy part (n = 59). Weekly treatment took place in hospitals for twenty-four weeks, followed by three and six months of follow-up assessment. Body dysmorphic disorder and associated symptoms appeared to improve with both CBT BDD and supportive psychotherapy, although CBTBDD was linked to more congruent positive change in symptom severity and quality of life. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essayAderka et al. (2014) This research assessed body image factors in sixty-eight outpatients with primary obsessive-compulsive disorder (N=22), social anxiety (N=25), and panic disorder (N=21). Test takers completed self-report measures of body image concerns, feelings toward appearance, and anxiety. Body image concerns and feelings about appearance did not vary significantly between groups. However, social anxiety symptoms suggested problems with body image, appearance evaluation, and satisfaction with body areas, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms suggesting beliefs about appearance. The result suggests that social anxiety state and obsessive-compulsive state might be related to various body image factors. Suggestions for treating anxiety disorders and for further research are discussed. Fang, Sawyer, Aderka & Hofmann (2013) Research has investigated the impacts of psychological treatments for social anxiety disorder on BDD problems. In study (1), twelve weekly CBT group sessions were found to result in a significant decrease in the severity of BDD symptoms. In study (2), an attention training intervention for SAD was found to be linked to a decrease in BDD symptoms, compared to a placebo-controlled condition. These discover Trouble. Additionally, the relationship between these traits and the degree of dysmorphia was studied. Participants with body dysmorphic disorder (N=58) and a population-based controlled sample (N=2,071), drawn from one representative. German population survey, completed self-report questionnaires assessing DSM-V criteria for body dysmorphia and other factors the research sought to measure. Test takers with body dysmorphic disorder reported significantly elevated levels of perfectionism as well as higher levels of behavioral inhibition system reactivity compared to the population-based controlled sample. On the other hand, the two samples did not vary significantly in terms of aesthetic sensitivity. But for the entire sample, each of the traits was dimensionally related to dysmorphia problems. Current models of body dysmorphic disorder summarize perfectionistic behavior and aesthetic sensitivity as susceptibility factors. Furthermore, theThe present investigation proposes that reactivity of the behavioral inhibition system is associated with body dysmorphia. Self-reported aesthetic sensitivity was not seen as outwardly expressed in body dysmorphic disorder, but alongside perfectionism and reactivity of the behavioral inhibition system, aesthetic sensitivity was overall related to dysmorphic problems. Fang & Hofmann (2010) This study draws on parallels between social anxiety disorder (SAD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in terms of comorbidity, phenomenologies, cognitive predispositions, treatment outcomes and cross-cultural facets . The study indicates that social anxiety disorder and body dysmorphia are highly comorbid, demonstrate almost the same age of onset, and demonstrate equivalent cognitive biases for deciphering uncertain social data in a negative manner. Additionally, results from studies related to treatment outcomes showed that improvements in social anxiety disorder were notably linked to improvements in body dysmorphia. Cross-cultural research findings suggest that body dysmorphic disorder might be considered a subtype of social anxiety in some Eastern societies. Kelly, Walters, and Phillips (2010) Current research first investigates SAD and its aspects in body dysmorphic disorder and Second, the cross-sectional and possible relationship between SAD symptoms and impairment in body dysmorphia. Individuals with DSM-4 body dysmorphic disorder with absence of comorbid social phobia (108) completed measures of social anxiety and psychosocial work at test intake (T1). Psychosocial work was also assessed during a twelve-month follow-up session (T2). Severity of social anxiety (caused by body dysmorphia or other cause) was measured by the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). Additionally, applicants participated in an interview using the Duke Brief Social Phobia Scale (BSPS) to measure social anxiety without body dysmorphic disorder. At (T1), examinees displayed increased levels of social anxiety on the SPIN and subclinical measures of social anxiety on the BSPS. Higher social anxiety was linked to poor psychosocial performance in both cross-sectional and prospective analyses. The result suggests that certain facets of social anxiety, particularly social fear and avoidance, may be important elements contributing to functional impairment in individuals with body dysmorphia. Wilhelm, Buhlmann, Hayward, Greenberg & Dimaite (2010) This case study provides an in-depth explanation of the cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) process of a patient suffering from body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). The participant was put into treatment for ten weeks for 50-minute sessions. Treatment focused on psychological education, mental reorganization, exposure-response avoidance, and perceptual reeducation practices. The participant's body dysmorphia symptoms improved significantly throughout the procedure. This case report introduces various clinical methods and provides additional support for cognitive behavioral treatment as a reliable therapy for patients with body dysmorphic disorder. Rief, Buhlmann, Wilhelm, Borkenhagen & Brähler (2006) This research aimed to discover the prevalence rates of body disorders. -Dysmorphic disorder in society and evaluate the clinical characteristics related to it. From a total of 4,152 candidates, 2,552, aged 14 to 99, took part in the German national survey. This research also evaluated the.