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Essay / Grammar and Translation Method for Teaching English
The basic objective of teaching the target language through this method is to be able to read literature written in the target language. This can be achieved by learning the grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language. The main principles on which the grammar-translation method is based are as follows: • Grammar is taught deductively and then practiced through translation exercises. • The main skills to develop are reading and writing• Almost no attention is paid to speaking and listening• The aim of learning foreign languages is to acquire the ability to understand written texts in the foreign language• Teacher correction is the only way to get students to produce the correct forms of the foreign language• Vocabulary is learned from bilingual word lists• Mastery of the grammar of the foreign language is essential for students to understand the written target language. The English teaching procedure is a combination of grammar and translation teaching activities. Teaching begins with English rules, vocabulary items and translation. The teacher explains the rules, then students place simple words in grammatical rule boxes. Grammar rules are memorized in the form of units. Students should be aware of the grammatical rules of the target language. Usually, the order of teaching materials is based on the simplicity of the rules. Its grammatical program ranges from easy to more difficult grammatical roles. Very little teaching is provided in the target language. Language learners are not expected to use the foreign language to communicate. No class time is provided for students to produce their own sentences and little time is devoted to oral practice. The focus is ...... middle of paper ...... a series of sentences with missing words. Then fill in the spaces with new vocabulary items or with items of a particular type of grammar, such as a preposition or verbs in different tenses.7. Memorization. Students are given lists of vocabulary words in the target language and their native language equivalents and asked to memorize them. They must also memorize grammar rules and grammatical paradigms such as verb conjugations.8. Use words in sentences. To show that students understand the meaning and use of a new vocabulary item, they compose sentences in which they use the new words.9. Composition. The teacher provides students with a topic to write about in the target language. The topic is based on some aspects of the reading passage from the lesson. Sometimes, instead of creating a composition, students are asked to prepare a summary of the reading passage..