In his critical theory of education, Freire suggested that when learners participate more in the learning process, the teacher may be able to determine the points gaps that exist among learners and address or fill these specific gaps. Similarly, Montessori and the theory of social reconstructionism and critical pedagogy argue that by participating more in the learning process, learners have the freedom to interact with the environment around them through inquiry and research. other learning processes that expose materials and support learners' natural ways. Therefore, participatory teaching method through research activities, experiments and engaging learners in discussion is the most suitable classroom method.