The set of chromosomes that an individual has is called their karyotype. A karyotype test is one of several important tests performed to determine a person's sex. This test involves collecting genetic information about a person, including their chromosomes. Examining these chromosomes by karyotyping helps determine whether there are any abnormalities or structural problems and also whether the person is male or female. A human has 23 pairs of chromosomes. Twenty-two of these pairs are called autosomes and look similar in males and females. But the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, is different between men and women. Women have two copies of the X chromosome, while men have one X and one Y chromosome. The first step in the karyotype test is to take a sample of your mitotic cells. These samples can be taken from various tissues, including bone marrow, amniotic fluid, blood, or placenta. The sample is then placed in a laboratory dish which allows the cells to grow and multiply. Then, dividing cells are arrested in metaphase by treating them with...