Betrayal in And the Echoing Mountains by Khaled HosseiniThe foundation of trust is essential in family and the quality of relationships. A person trusts his family and friends the most. People feel betrayed at least once in their lives. Betrayal is the act of disloyalty, infidelity, or disappointment in an individual's hopes or expectations. In Khaled Hosseni's novel "And the Mountains Echoed", many protagonists express feelings of betrayal. When Saboor, Abdullah's father, sells Pari, both siblings feel betrayed. Parwana feels she has deceived her sister Masooma by being responsible for her paraplegic condition, and Adel is deceived by his father when he realizes a certain truth. All of these characters are affected by the act of betrayal, which causes them to become different people emotionally and mentally. These characters all share one thing in common: they have been betrayed by those closest to them that a person would trust the most. Placing great trust in your family and then being deceived is the worst form of betrayal. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get the original essay Both Pari and Abdullah were significantly affected by the actions taken by their father Saboor and uncle Nabi earlier in their lives. At the beginning of the novel, Saboor was telling a story to his two children. The story was about a monster called Div, who chose a child every year to take from his family. The Div would choose a house and the family living there had to give one of their children to the Div or all their children would be taken away. The father receives a magic potion to relieve the pain of his son's abandonment which makes him forget his child. In the story, the father mentioned: “A finger had to be cut off to save the hand. » (5) This meant that if they had to choose one child, otherwise all the children would be taken away, just as if Pari was not adopted, worse things could happen. When Pari leaves, Abdullah repeats the same words about cutting off a finger to save the hand. At this point, he said, "and he would want a sip of the magic potion that the Div had given Baba Ayoub so that he too could forget." (48) This is ironic, because several years later he forgets due to Alzheimer's disease. With time, Abdullah forgets all memories of Pari, despite knowing that he had a sister. This event shows how his memories also betrayed him due to his adoption. Abdullah forgetting Pari helped him forget the pain, but he lost any happy memories he had of his sister. Pari was four years old when she was adopted and taken from her family. It was his uncle who made the necessary arrangements for his adoption. With this, Pari feels cheated by him because he is family, who is trusted the most. Uncle Nabi is Parwana's brother and ironically; Pari's uncle-in-law. There is no blood connection between them, so this relationship helps readers understand how Nabi's personal choices were influenced by a weak bond. Saboor, allowing this, betrays his daughter by selling her as parents should never abandon their child. When Saboor and Abdullah returned home, the father said to him: “'I won't cry,' my father had said. 'Don't cry, I won't accept it.' » (47 years old) Saboor understands that what happened was not right, but he decides to continue with Pari's adoption. He doesn't even want to talk about it because of the pain he will feel knowing he sold his daughter. Abdullah feels the same pain and deception when he lost the person he loved most in his life.Since the death of their biological mother, Abdullah has taken care of Pari all his life. When she left, Abdullah said: “There was nothing left for him here. He didn't have a name here. (49) Abdullah had an attachment to her and when she was handed over to him, he felt that life had no meaning. His father also betrayed himself in a way. He lost one of the last memories he had of his first wife. Abdullah and Pari's mother died in childbirth when Pari was born. This adoption symbolized that Saboor was abandoning her daughter and that she was responsible for the mother's death. Pari's loss to Abdullah affected him in a way where his love was a lesson for his father. Saboor's relationship with Uncle Nabi weakened and his own self-respect also diminished. Parwana betrayed Masooma indirectly almost all her life. She always felt inferior to her sister; and although they had a good relationship, it seemed that they were bitter towards each other in secret. Since the day they were born, Masooma was superior to him. Of how Masooma was born effortlessly, while Parwana had her umbilical cord around her neck, and the differences in beauty; Masooma was still in the shadows. Both Parwana and Masooma had fallen in love with Saboor. Masooma went to tell Parwana about her marriage to Saboor, and in an act of jealousy, Parwana caused Masooma to fall from a tree. Masooma then became paraplegic and was unable to marry Saboor. Before the accident in an act of ambiguous revenge; in the text it says: “Parwana placed the heels of her hands on the branch, lifted her buttocks, then let them fall. » (67) When Masooma fell from the tree, Parwana came back to reality and realized that she had not only betrayed and taken away her sister's love, but she was also not capable of keep your head high. She was ashamed of what she had done and Masooma began to feel like a burden and asked her sister to help her commit suicide. Although it did not impact Masooma as she was deceived, Parwana herself felt affected as she betrayed herself by being selfish with her sister's love. Parwana felt guilty because she had allowed herself to ruin her sister's life. Parwana ended up marrying Saboor, which means she took away her sister's hope of marrying him. Parwana's actions with her sister left her with a bittersweet ending marrying Saboor, but never being able to be truly happy about it. Adel is a young boy living with his family. His father is known to be a great man who always helps everyone. When Adel made a new friend named Gholam, he told him that his father was not a good person. Adel discovers his father's violence and his illegal businesses. Adel learned that his father had taken the land from Gholam and his family when they left to flee the war. This land belonged to Saboor for many years as Gholam was his great-grandson. Gholam told Adel: “Imagine how my family felt, coming from Pakistan, only to get off the bus and find this thing on our land. » (267) Adel's father not only betrays Adel but also deceives Gholam's family by taking what belonged to them. While Adel and Gholam were arguing about Adel's father, Gholam said to him, "I have nothing against you. You are a righteous and ignorant little boy. But the next time Baba goes to Helmand, ask him to take you to his factory. See what he's growing there. I'll give you a hint. It's not cotton. (268) Gholam was right that Adel was ignorant because Adel was overshadowed and blinded by his father since he was a child. When Adel realizes who his father really is, he begins to believe everything..