Table of contentsIntroductionDefining a victimParadigms and paradoxesIntroductionVictimology is called the scientific study of victimization. This concerns the relationship between the victim and the accused. Justice JNBhatt defined victimology as a science of suffering and the resulting compensation. Victimology is considered a relatively young discipline, even though victimization is as old as humanity itself. Victimology emerged to fill deep theoretical gaps and is now an integral part of criminology. However, over the years, victimology has developed different perspectives and theories, and different social groups and ideologies have formed their own perspectives on victimology. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay The exact date of the origin of victimology is unclear, but history shows that it should have started in ancient times. As previously stated, in the mid-1900s, crime already predated that time, individuals were victims before the logical investigation of victims of wrongdoing began. Indeed, although not examined deductively, victims were seen as harmed by the crime, leading to changes in criminal justice over time. Previously and throughout primitive times (roughly 5th to 16th centuries), during this time, when a person or property was wronged, it was up to the victim and their family to seek justice. This was usually achieved through retaliation on the part of the offender, with appropriate punishment being equivalent to the damage caused. African victimology, on the other hand, emphasizes truth, justice, harmony and the order of Ubuntu. Rather than punishing, it was about maintaining and restoring balance. Although the word victim appeared in the works of many earlier criminologists such as Beccaria (1764), Lombroso (1978), Ferri (1892), Garofalo (1885) and Hentig (1948). The concept of victimology finds its origins in the writings of Benjamin Mendelsohn (1937; 1840), it was he who coined the word victim. The term victim refers to a person who has suffered physical, emotional harm, property damage, or economic loss as a result of a crime. Criminology, as a social science study, has focused primarily on the offender; Over the past three decades, the focus has shifted to the victim of a crime. Victimology (the science of the victim) was proposed in the 1940s to better understand crime. Initial victimology focused on the role played by the victim that led to their victimization, suggesting that some victims contribute to or precipitate their own victimization. Victimology then looked at the process of victimization which included the treatment of victims and secondary victimization in the penal system. Defining a victim Who is the victim and who decides? Has sparked numerous debates in the field of criminology. Many scholars reject the use of law to characterize what constitutes wrongdoing, which constitutes the express and implied standard. Such reliance on state-provided legal definitions has led to pressures within criminology and victimology, with basic researchers rejecting state-created definitions. The political idea of ​​law generation has for some time been the method of reasoning for this rejection, since one cannot separate the idea from the political procedure that aids legislatures andadministrators. Furthermore, officials have a characteristic willingness to satisfy their own personal intrigues and not label dangerous and sensitive behavior (especially their own) as criminal. Hence the assertion that the law is an impression of the interests of the decision-making class, whether political or financial. arguments that go beyond state-created definitions as elective choices have been presented. Paradigms and Paradoxes Positivist Paradigm The Traditionalist InclinationInside, victimology is the legitimate worldview to begin with and it has had the most impactful effect on criminal justice strategy. Proposals for change and mediation within the framework of criminal justice intended to combat crime have, until now, been largely governed by this worldview. In Australia, and occasionally in the United States, the law and worldview are generally discussed. This formulation is used in light of the fact that its primary objective is to reduce criminal exploitation by adopting a methodology that emphasizes a "legitimate" and "accurate" society. It is also referred to by a number of different brands, for example (Karmen 1996). ), “customary victimology” (Walklate 1989), “managerial or correctional victimology” (because its advocates are mostly used by the state in one form or another to “deal with” the problem of wrongdoing – see Youthful 1986), and “Positivist Victimology” (because it accepts that victimology can be treated as a science, capable of being estimated logically and having the capacity to create an example of victim typologies - see Mawby and Walklate 1994). As Friedrichs (1983) states, radical victimology is characterized by conditions of abuse that cause violations and the same is clarified by the Combined Laws of South Australia (2001). Crime victims are subjected to ruthless approaches in an attempt to keep the peace. Abuse knows treacherous social orders where workers are denied their rights by the arrangements of private enterprise. Likewise, the inability to stop complex violations leaves individuals vulnerable to exploitation. Exploitation is caused by a thoughtful and deliberate violation of the law by altering victims' work in favor of people who give valid feelings to the abuse. This leads to ignoring actual harm and focusing it on the perpetrators, denying victims their right to fairness. The view of Wemmers (2008) and McShane and Williams III (1992) expresses that victims of the past were indeed involved in the criminal justice process and were responsible for opening up and charging the perpetrators. They were pushed out of their jobs by being sidelined and their work reduced to that of observers. The above embodies the main precepts of the “legality” belief system. These are initial, solid state, at least as far as criminal justice organizations are concerned. More precisely, this involves expanded police forces and resources. In this way, the police are a common partner in the "legality" campaign, which, notably through its associations, has sought to influence general English decisions (Brake and Robust 1992), the decisions of the State Australian (White and Richards 1992) and the New Zealand general decisions. (Pratt and Treacher 1988) for moderate governments. They were also established to convene discussions of casualties, keeping in mind the end goal of fighting for greater forces and capabilities (Sandor 1993). Furthermore, retaliation must be the main focus of the criminal fairness framework..