Sleep DisordersDyssomnias are characterized by the quantity, quality and/or timing of sleep. The five specific types of dyssomnia are: primary insomnia, primary hypersomnia, narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep disorders, and sleep-wake rhythm disorders. People with insomnia have consistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or getting restful sleep for a month or more. Sleep disorders lead to increased levels of personal distress and difficulty fulfilling usual social, professional, and other roles. There is a link between insomnia and other psychological problems like anxiety and depression. Insomnia is the most common form of sleep disorder, although its prevalence is unknown. People suffering from insomnia tend to carry their anxieties and worries with them, which elevates their bodily arousal to a level that prevents natural sleep. People with hypersomnia experience excessive daytime sleepiness that lasts for a month or more. Hypersomnia makes it difficult to wake up after a prolonged period of sleep and can cause daytime sleep episodes that occur daily. Even if the person takes naps during the day, they will not feel refreshed when they wake up. This disorder is considered primary because it cannot be explained by lack of sleep due to insomnia, psychological or physiological disorders, drug use or other factors such as noisy neighbors. A person with primary hypersomnia had more persistent and severe periods of sleepiness that lead to difficulty in daily functioning. People with narcolepsy experience sleep attacks in which they suddenly fall asleep without any warning throughout the day. The person remains asleep for about fifteen minutes and may have a conversation one moment and be sound asleep the next. This diagnosis is made when sleep attacks occur daily for three months or more and are associated with conditions such as: cataplexy, rapid eye movement sleep intrusions, and hypocretin deficiency. People with narcolepsy may also experience sleep paralysis, a temporary state following waking in which the person feels unable to move or speak. The person may also experience terrifying hallucinations called hypnagogic hallucinations. People with breathing-related sleep disorders experience frequent disruptions during their sleep due to breathing problems. These disturbances eventually lead to insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Frequent disturbances during sleep will make the individual very sleepy the next day, making it difficult to function. People with this disorder often experience shortness of breath while sleeping and are not aware of it. Breathing-related sleep disorders can also cause high blood pressure, heart attacks, strokes, and even sudden death. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder is characterized by sleep disruption due to a mismatch in sleep schedules between the body's internal sleep-wake cycle. Disturbances in sleep patterns can lead to insomnia and hypersomnia. Frequent changes in time zones and work schedules may lead to more persistent problems adjusting sleep pattern scheduling, which will result in circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder. Say no to plagiarism. Get a.