Table of Contents Dissident Terrorism:International Terrorism:Religious Terrorism:ConclusionAccording to Dr. Casserleigh and Dr. David, state-sponsored terrorism, Often called, “Terrorism from above” is when the government uses its power against its own people (Casserleigh et al, 2003, p. 32). To explain further, these governments go as far as resorting to terrorist tactics that undermine international and public trust. These actions are usually violent and aggressive and usually occur outside of war. Those who commit these acts often work for the state. This may be the government's regular army. One specific group I would like to focus on is the Nicaraguan parliamentary troupe Danielista. This group is organized by Sandinista president Daniel Ortega (Inczauskis, 2018). Because Daniel Ortega's presidency is often associated with corruption and oppression, many of his own citizens are opposing him by protesting and publicizing the government's actions. As a result, the Danielistas openly massacre those individuals who actively oppose the government. According to the Jesuit Post, as of July 18, 2018, the government has murdered and injured more than 351 people. For example, a priest from the Catholic Church of Divine Mercy sheltered around a hundred students and journalists who were fleeing the violence. The Danielista parliamentary troop then opened fire on the church and held a 12-hour siege that killed protesters. Another example is when 5,000 protesters were fleeing gunfire and seeking shelter at the nearby campus of the Jesuit University of Central America (Inczauskis, 2018). I believe that the Danielista parliamentary group falls into this category, because although Daniel Ortega denies being responsible for these deaths, he is and uses them to scare those who do not support his regime. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get the original essayDissident Terrorism: According to Dr. Derek Paulsen, dissident terrorism, also called “terrorism from below,” is usually movements non-state. or groups that are against the government. These may be ethnonational, perceived enemies or religious groups. Usually, they are anti-state in nature and provoke violence against people within their government or other groups within their country (Paulsen, 2011). These groups may attempt to change the political pattern of their society, but these groups generally have clear objectives (Casserleigh et.al, 2003, p.31). To give an example of this type of terrorism, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) is a known dissident movement. This group proclaimed itself a Marxist-Leninist organization whose goal is to represent rural areas of Colombia by achieving power through armed revolution and establishing a government. Although they started with ideological goals, they are now considered a criminal organization. They were formed in an era of violence linked to the distribution of land and wealth. In the 1950s, they created this guerrilla in opposition to the National Front, thus strengthening their hold on Colombia (Zalman, 2018). The FARC has carried out a number of attacks to achieve its financial and military objectives, such as kidnappings, hijackings, assassinations, extortion and bombings. An example of these attacks is that of July 17, 2008, where the organization used a gas bomb in the town of Toribio due to a conflict withthe government which injured 20 civilians and killed a child. Another example is when the FARC took responsibility for the murder of 34 coca farmers because they supported right-wing parliamentarians (Zalman, 2018). In summary, this group exemplifies the characteristics of dissident terrorism by being a local organization that openly opposes the government with attacks that cause the deaths of civilians and kill those who openly support the opposition. International Terrorism: By definition, international terrorism occurs when members of one country inflict terror on others from another country. This generally involves influencing the politics of the country under attack. The individuals involved in these acts are not from the country in which the terrorist attack occurred. Sometimes these attacks may be state sponsored, but other times they are simply organizations (Paulsen, 2011). In 1987, North Korean agents planted a bomb aboard a Korean airline in South Korea. The reason for this act of terrorism was that it was an attempt to destabilize the Republic of Korea (South Korea). This act killed 115 passengers and crew members. Because this terrorist attack was politically motivated, it would fall into the category of international terrorism. The attacker claims that she was Kim II Sung's puppet and that he had ordered her to commit this act (Yoon et al., 2018). Additionally, Plunk adds that these North Korean agents also attempted to assassinate the president of South Korea twice in twenty years (Plunk, 1988). Overall, these acts of terrorism were used in ways to alter policy and attempt to destabilize South Korea. South Korea. Religious Terrorism: Religious terrorism is described as being motivated by the belief that the higher power ordered or sanctioned the terrorist action in the name of their faith (Casserleigh et.al, 2003, p. 35). These acts are considered by their perpetrators to be forgivable by their religion. This is a common use of terrorism today, but it is important to note that it is the oldest form of terrorism. Specifically, a group called the Hyderabad Mujahideen carries out these terrorist attacks to “defend itself…and protect other Muslims” (McElroy, 2008). This group is based in southern India and is associated with many other Islamic extremist organizations. On the contrary, these groups were influenced by Maududi's teachings, which had a great influence on the younger ones. They do this to encourage as many people as possible to join their movement and when they take responsibility for attacks, their base receives support. Usually, those who are Muslims in India are considered a minority. So, when they see that their Indian state does not sufficiently represent them, these communities become radicalized. In emails sent before the attacks, this group would shed light on its goals of spreading Islam in India, waging jihad against infidels (non-Muslims), and establishing the government of Allah according to the Quran (Goswami , 2009). . An example of such attacks occurred in Jaipur in 2008. Eight bomb blasts killed two people. Another example is that of five bombs which killed and injured more than 100 people (Roul, 2009). This group is a clear example of religious terrorism due to its actions related to the protection and dissemination of the Muslim faith.ConclusionIn conclusion, the analysis of the various forms of terrorism highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of this global phenomenon. . State terrorism, exemplified by the Danielista parliamentary troupe in Nicaragua, demonstrates the use of government power to suppress dissent and sow fear among the population..