LSD and the Artist Since LSD became a popular psychedelic hallucinogen in the 1960s, it has been used as a creativity stimulant by many artists and musicians. The drug itself created a huge wave called the psychedelic movement. The psychedelic art movement typically included surreal subjects, fractal patterns, high contrast colors, and diffraction patterns. These common characteristics of the movement were influenced by different LSD or “Acid” experiences of many different people. Scientists were therefore interested in how this substance affects the human brain and how it modifies perception by creating another type of “creativity”. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is a hallucinogenic chemical that has a powerful effect on the human brain. It was created by Swiss scientist Albert Hofmann in 1938. The substance is known for its psychedelic effects on the human brain, which cause an alteration in the thought process, changes in perception and an alteration in the perception of time and time. spiritual experiences. In addition to its physiological effects, it was also a famous symbol of the hippie movement in the 1960s and considered a tool to enhance the creativity and productivity of certain artists. Hallucinogens create an altering effect in the human brain. Classic hallucinogens are known to interact with the neurotransmitter serotonin. The effects of hallucinogens are most often seen in the brain's frontal cortex, which is also the area involved in controlling mood and cognitive perception. LSD, which is under the title of psychedelic hallucinogenic drugs, creates effects on the mind, state of consciousness, and also perception. When taken, LSD binds to dopamine, adrenal, and serotonin receptors in the brain. Although decades have passed since the invention of LSD, its psychedelic effects on the human brain are not yet well understood by scientists. However, this is linked to the increasing release of glutamate in the cerebral cortex. Stuart Sealfon, a neuroscientist at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, said: "To function, the cortex integrates different signals, for example glutamate and serotonin signals, and what hallucinogens need to do is is disrupting this process so that sensory sensations are disrupted. perception is altered. The main receptor affected by LSD is 5-HT2A, which stands for serotonin-like receptor 2A. The neurotransmitter serotonin controls your systems of perception, regulation and behavior; and it also plays a role in your happiness level. Scientists claim that 5-HT2A receptors are the receptors that are activated after the use of a hallucinogenic substance and that these substances directly affect serotonin receptors and the postsynaptic activity of serotonergic neurons. These receptors are found throughout the central nervous system and circulatory system. In the brain, they are particularly important in the frontal cortex and the visual cortex. Although studies have not yet proven the possible cause of LSD's hallucinogenic effects, scientists speculate that when 5-HT2a receptors are stimulated by the effects of LSD, the activity of glutamate cells in the frontal cortex also increases. The receptors are placed on these cells and the stimulation of LSD causes theseNeurons fire more often than they normally would without the stimulant of LSD. The effects of the 5-HT2A receptor on glutamate signaling are thought to be responsible for sensory and possibly visual system distortion. The human brain is responsible for everything we experience, feel, perceive and do. Our brain contains receptors where neurotransmitters act to regulate the human body, senses and perceptions. LSD creates 3 different types of effects on the body: physical, psychological and sensory. The short-term physical effects of LSD are an increase in heart rate and body temperature; insomnia, sweating, numbness, impulsivity and emotional changes. As with all long-term effects, LSD can cause visual and mood disturbances, HPPD (hallucinogenic persistent perception disorder), paranoia, and can create difficulty connecting thoughts. LSD causes the person to see, hear and feel things that do not actually exist, or do not exist as they are perceived by humans in real life. The effects of LSD on the human body generally last for 12 hours. The psychological effect of LSD, also known as "trip" experiences, varies depending on situations, moods, contexts and personalities and each person experiences a different "trip" depending on their own state of mind. mind and its environment. LSD can also create a long-term psycho-emotional effect for the user. Some users reported that LSD affected their personality and created a different perspective in their lives, as one artist in particular stated: "Psychedelics...often reveal, within a matter of hours, depths of respect and understanding that might otherwise elude us. a whole life. » According to Timothy Francis Larry, an American psychologist who worked on psychedelic drugs in the 1970s and 1980s, there is a wide range of different effects. He explains it as set and set, which set represents the general, normal state of mind of the LSD user and set means being under the influence of the effects of the drug. A person can experience two feelings at the same time; happy and sad, elated and depressed. . Some of the psychedelic experiences might include experiencing colorful patterns behind closed eyes, altered perception of time, slowed movements, transformed objects, etc., as well as a loss of sense of identity or the experience of a “ego death” as the user experiences dissolution. between the real outside world and themselves. Therefore, the idea of ​​the "inner journey" leads some people to use LSD with the aim of experiencing spiritual and religious aspects. The sensory effects of LSD are more related to perception; such as touching, smelling or hearing things in subjective perception. LSD creates an altered sensory experience, depending on tolerance and dose ingested. People under the influence of LSD begin to mix sensual reality with their senses, they see sounds and hear colors and some senses are enhanced by brighter colors, sharper outlines and louder sounds. A high dose of LSD can cause fundamental distortions within the sensory system and perception. This could influence synesthesia, causing the person to experience additional dimensions and space. In addition to the effects of LSD, the substance quickly creates tolerance in the human body, requiring the user to take higher doses to achieve the optimal effects the first time. There is also cross-tolerance between LSD,psilocybin and mescaline. However, tolerance weakens a few days after taking it and this is thought to be linked to the downregulation of 5-HT receptors in the brain. Besides being taken as a psychedelic drug experience, LSD was also used in other fields, for medical purposes. In the 1950s and 1960s, LSD was used in psychedelic therapy, and some scientists believed that LSD would be useful in revealing the patient's subconscious. . In addition to this, LSD was also used for the treatment of alcoholism in the late 1960s. It was also studied by Eric Kast in the 1960s for the management of pain and suffering caused by major trauma or cancer. It was found that users did not experience less pain, but were more disturbed by the existence of pain in their body, which also reduced anxiety. This may be an effect of the increased amount of serotonin in the body. Many artists, musicians, and scientists have wondered whether LSD actually affects a person's creativity. In fact, there are several artists or musicians associated with LSD and the psychedelic movement. Jazz musician John Coltrane said he used LSD for 2 years and that it influenced his music between 1965 and 1967. Artist Keith Haring said he took LSD when he was young and that this had encouraged him to draw. He claims that the drawing made on this occasion gave birth to all the work he had done, created a new aesthetic and a new system of “creation”. Additionally, it is assumed that famous musician Jimi Hendrix was under the influence of LSD when it led him to a certain musical aesthetic, since he described his musical experience as "playing with colors." By the time psychedelic art became popular, the art was also being applied to LSD itself. The LSD was put on a piece of paper meant to be put on or under the person's tongue. In the early 70s, this piece of paper became a canvas to represent psychedelic art itself. What people are used to seeing in psychedelic paintings, posters or psychedelic images, patterns, colors and geometric shapes have been put on paper. It has become more and more popular. Mark McCloud was considered an artist recognized for his works which he created on LSD blotting papers. The psychedelic influence in art was becoming so popular that people were bringing groups and small communities together to show the art to society. In fact, USCO (The Us Company), a group formed in the 1960s and comprised of a collective of artists, filmmakers, engineers, poets and "creative artisans", presented its exhibitions/works of acid-inspired art in galleries and museums. in the United States of America. Since this movement became popular in a short time and was influenced by acid, it attracted the attention of scientists. Thus, in the 1960s, when the substance was most popular and still legal, psychiatrists such as Humphry Osmond (1952), Sidney Cohen (1960-1964), Sanford Unger (1963), Abram Hoffer (1965), Walter Pahnke (1969-1970) and Stanislav Grof (1980) studied the effects of LSD and other psychedelic substances on perception, cognition, emotion and behavior. Oscar Janiger, a psychiatrist at the University of California, Irvine, worked on LSD and its effects on creativity and conducted experiments with about 900 people of all social classes, races and ages. The 900 people witnessed his research on LSD and were recorded in order to draw a conclusion about the characteristics of the LSD experience. He created a standard dose.