The Ishihara Test is a color perception test for red-green color deficiencies, the first in a class of successful color vision tests called pseudoisochromatic plates ("PIP"). It is named after its designer, Dr. Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo, who first published his tests in 1917. The test consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contains a circle of points. appearing randomly in color and size. Within the pattern are dots that form a number or shape that is clearly visible to those with normal color vision, and invisible, or difficult to see, to those with a red-green color vision defect. Other plates are intentionally designed to reveal the numbers only to those with red/green color vision deficiency, and to be invisible to those with normal red/green color vision. The entire test consists of 38 plates, but the existence of a serious defect is usually only apparent after only a few plates. There is also an Ishihara test consisting of 10, 14 or 24 test plates. Since this is a printed plate, the accuracy of the test depends on using appropriate lighting to illuminate the page. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”? Get an original essay “Daylight” bulb lighting is required to give the most accurate results, with a temperature of approximately 6 000 to 7000 K (ideal: 6500 K, color rendering (CRI) >90), and is required for military color vision control policy. Fluorescent bulbs are often used in school tests, but the color of fluorescent bulbs and their CRI can vary greatly. Incandescent bulbs should not be used, as their low temperature (yellow color) gives very inaccurate results, allowing some people with color vision deficiency to pass. Proper testing technique is to give only three seconds per plate for an answer, and not allow coaching. touch or trace the numbers by the subject. It is best to give the test in random order, if possible, to reduce the effectiveness of subjects memorizing answers beforehand. Some pseudo-isochromatic plate books have the pages in binders, so the plates can be rearranged periodically to give random order to the test. Since its inception, the Ishihara color blindness test has become commonly used around the world due to its ease of use and high accuracy. . In recent years, the Ishihara test has become available online in addition to its original paper version. Although both media use the same plates, they require different methods for accurate diagnosis. The U.S. Navy uses Ishihara plates (and alternatives) for color vision screening. The current passing score is 12 good scores out of 14 red/green test plates (not including the demo plate). Research has shown that scores below twelve indicate color vision deficiency, and twelve or more correct scores indicate normal color vision, with a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100%. The sensitivity of the Ishihara test varies depending on the number of plates allowed, which may vary depending on institutional policy. Sensitivity can also be influenced by test administration (light intensity, time allowed to respond) and by test errors (supervision by administrators, spots..