In September 1964, Alfred A. Knoff published what quickly became one of the most beloved children's books of the 20th century, the children's book by British author Roald Dahl, Charlie. and The Chocolate Factory, Dahl's second children's novel. His first, James and the Giant Peach, was published in 1961. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was a success despite the publication in 1964 of other children's books which would also become popular. These include Chitty Chitty Bang Bang by Ian Fleming, It's Like This, Cat by Emily Neville and Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska, among others. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, which was written to entertain Dahl's disabled son Theo, was a phenomenal commercial success. Critic Elaine Moss wrote in the New York Times Book Review that the book “is the funniest children's book I've read in years; not only funny but shot through with a zany pathos that touches the young heart. The Chinese edition included the largest number of printings of any book at the time. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was illustrated by Joseph Schindelman. Schindelman was later replaced by Quentin Blake. Dahl's book agent was Ann Watkins, who had represented Dahl in his earlier work and who would remain his representative throughout his career. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory tells the story of a poor child, Charlie Bucket, who lives with his parents and four grandparents and is allowed to buy a candy bar once a year on his birthday. One day, Charlie uses money found on the street to buy a candy bar and, in doing so, wins a trip to the candy bar's manufacturer, the factory of Willy Wonka, an eccentric town character who is not Haven't seen him in years. He enters the factory with five other ch...... middle of paper ......olent master. Cameron also criticized the book, calling it a "misrepresentation of poverty" and objected to the sadistic overtones of the punishments children are subjected to. Cameron and Dahl engaged in several heated debates over the nature of the book. In response to accusations of racism, Dahl altered some of the text and several illustrations were changed for later editions. The new version describes the Oompa-Loompas as having long golden-brown hair and white skin and coming from Loompaland, a fictional country, instead of Africa. The new version was introduced in 1973. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory won the New England Round Table of Children's Librarians Award in 1972 and the Surrey School Award in 1973. In 1973, Allen & Unwin published a British edition of the book which featured the changes. made to the revised American edition.