To create sympathy for a character, it is not necessary to show him as a good person; but rather it is important to allow the reader to place themselves in the character's perspective. Banks actually does this throughout the novel. It allows the reader to get inside Frank's head and allows them to learn very personal details about Frank. This also gives the reader the feeling of trust in Frank. Banks also shows the reader Frank's vulnerable side and his insecurities; As everyone is able to understand the feeling of vulnerability and insecurity, a level of empathy is achieved. To add to this, the reader is able to understand Frank's relationship with his parents and how it negatively impacts him. Not only does seeing what Frank has to go through with his parents directly create sympathy, but it also serves as justification for some of his behavior and makes it easy for the reader to forgive Frank for his bad actions. By using first person narrative, Banks is able to communicate to the reader what Frank is thinking and feeling throughout the novel. This is very effective in creating sympathy when Frank tells stories about his murders, as the reader is able to understand what the events mean to Frank and how he perceives them. Since the connection between the reader and Frank has already been built, the reader is able to feel Frank's emotions and forgive him, which leads to feeling sympathy towards him.