It is common knowledge that in the past, religion and myths were simply ways for societies to explain events and circumstances. events that citizens of ancient societies were not sufficiently familiar with. knowledge to understand. It was also used as a means to oppress others, as seen in the class order and kingship explanation that God placed a person where they were supposed to be and nothing could be done. do there, because who can oppose God himself. ? Religion, however, has played an even more important role than that, being a large part of each person's identity and something on which a country and its people can unite. But as society aged and governments were reorganized and restructured, we can see a reduction in religion as an integral part of a person's identity. It is difficult to imagine being without an identity, which is why it is not surprising that as the void left by religion opens up, people begin to create an identity linked to different ideas and ideologies . Specifically, new political movements, ideas of nationalism, and changing social norms brought about by many writers and theorists such as Karl Marx, John Mill, and many others. The spread of such ideas was also aided by the spread of public education and increasing literacy rates in Western society. The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is a short publication that contains Marx's and Engel's theories on the nature of society and politics, as well as class struggle, problems with capitalism and how to slowly change the government from capitalist to socialist and finally to communist. The beginning of the first chapter of the essay, "Bourgeois and Proletarians", states: "The history of every society up to the present is the history of class struggles" (...... middle of paper .. .... trying to use nationalism to convince them, is also very convincing for nationalism in the way he talks about family by calling the Irish the children of the Irish woman. Often, we are ready to do anything for the family,. therefore speaking of a nation as a family can help create an identity around it. Identity is defined as the collective aspect of the set of characteristics by which a thing is definitively recognizable or known. there is a personal identity and even a national identity and, although the identity of everyone in a society can change very quickly, it can do so Without religion as a source of identity, it has become fundamentally easy for ideas and ideas. ideologies such as communism, social norms and communism become a person's identity. After all, citizens of society always seek to unite. each of their identities.