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  • Essay / Ways to increase drug solubility

    The first method to increase drug solubility is particle size reduction, drug solubility is often related to drug particle size; reducing particle size results in an increase in surface area to volume ratio, which allows greater interaction with the solvent, leading to an increase in solubility. (Savjani, Savjani, Gajjar, 2012). Several conventional methods are used to reduce particle size, including milling (grinding and grinding), spray drying, and micronization (Chaudhary, Nagaich, Gulati, Sharma, & Khosa, 2012). Micronization increases the dissolution rate of drugs by increasing the surface area. Reducing the particle size of these drugs has the advantage of improving their dissolution rate (B, P, S and G, 2014). The drug micronization technique is carried out by grinding techniques using jet mill and stator rotor colloid mill (Vimalson, Parimalakrishnan, Jeganathan, & Anbazhagan, 2016). Regarding the advantages of particle size reduction, it is useful for extraction and drying of drugs, it improves the absorption rate as well as physical stability and dissolution rate and increases the specific surface area, while disadvantages include drug degradation and poor mixing (Patel, Baria, & Pate, 2008). Griseofulvin (GF) (C17H17ClO6) is a drug whose solubility can be increased by reducing particle size. Griseofulvin is an antifungal medication that belongs to a class of drugs called antifungal agents and is used to treat fungal infections of the skin and nails. (Hsu & Arndt, 2007)Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essayThe second technique used to increase the solubility of drugs is crystal modification. Generally, solid drugs can exist either as a regular repeating three-dimensional structure called a crystal lattice, thereby producing a crystalline solid characterized by its hardiness, sharp and high melting points (Ferraz, Carpentieri, & Watanabe, 2007), or they can aggregate without a three-dimensional order framework and are called amorphous solid drugs (Sivasankar, 2008). The two forms of solid drugs have different biological and physicochemical properties, such as shelf life, melting point, vapor pressure, solubility, morphology, density, and bioavailability. These properties can affect the stability and activity of the drug within the formulation. (Jadhav, Pacharane, Pednekar, Koshy, & Kadam, 2012). Additionally, the energy required to separate molecules in the amorphous form is lower than in the crystalline form, giving amorphous solids greater solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability than the crystalline structure. These properties in turn make the amorphous form of a drug more therapeutically effective than the corresponding crystalline form. (Ferraz, Carpentieri, & Watanabe, 2007) An amorphous drug form can be formed by certain methods or techniques, including cryogenic techniques, followed by various drying processes such as: spray freezing on cryogenic fluids, spray freezing in cryogenic liquids (SFL), vapor-on-liquid spray freezing (SFV/L) and ultra-rapid freezing (URF). (Savjani, Savjani, Gajjar, 2012). One of the main advantages of the amorphous form of the drug is to provide values, 2007).