The next generation of wireless networks is underway and there is a lot of excitement; 5G networks, also known as fifth-generation cellular networks, are expected to provide higher bandwidth and data rates, with fewer transmission delays. Currently, the technology is in the planning stages but is expected to debut in 2020. Many say 5G will be revolutionary; as all industries will feel the effects of the shift to new technologies and are expected to bring dramatic transformations to our daily lives. 5G will inspire new growth, accelerate innovation and generate new revenues. At the moment, it is still unclear which technologies will be most effective for 5G. Favorites include millimeter wave, small cell, massive MIMO, full duplex, and beamforming. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why violent video games should not be banned"?Get the original essayResearchers are experimenting with broadcasting on shorter millimeter waves, between 30 and 300 gigahertz. This section of the spectrum has never been used before for mobile devices and its openness means more bandwidth for users. This technology promises greater data capacity than we currently have. An advantage of the shorter wavelengths found in millimeter wave technology is that the antennas used to transmit and receive the signals can be comparatively smaller. The problem is that millimeter waves cannot pass through buildings or other obstacles and tend to be absorbed by rain or plants. Higher frequencies come with shorter transmission ranges, and shorter wavelengths tend to have greater problems when there is no direct line of sight. Technological issues like these that early 5G testing will seek to explore and resolve. Small cell networks could form the basis for building a 5G future. A small cell is essentially a miniature base station that divides a cell site into much smaller pieces. Small cells will help by providing increased data capacity. This will also help service providers eliminate expensive roof systems and installation or rental costs, reducing the overall cost. Additionally, it will improve the performance of mobile phones. If the phone is closer to a small cellular base station, it transmits at lower power levels, effectively reducing the cell phone's power and significantly increasing its battery life. Small cells will also be critical at these millimeter wave frequencies because signals cannot penetrate walls or buildings and cell sizes will have a coverage radius of less than 500 meters. Massive MIMO known as multiple output multiple input is a multi-user MIMO system that serves multiple users via spatial multiplexing and is used in many wireless technologies to obtain more capacity without using more spectrum. It is the only technology capable of offering quality of service in dense urban, suburban and rural macrocells. Current 4G base stations have a dozen ports for antennas that handle all cellular traffic, but massive MIMO base stations can support a hundred ports. This could increase the capacity of current networks by a factor of 22 or more. Massive MIMO has its own.