IntroductionProper organ function depends on maintaining the correct balance of fluids and electrolytes in each body fluid space. There are many different electrolytes in the body. The most common are calcium, potassium, sodium, chlorine, phosphate and magnesium. Most electrolytes enter the body through ingested food. One of the electrolytes I would like to discuss in this article is sodium. I choose sodium electrolyte because our bodies use sodium to control blood volume and blood pressure. Sodium is also necessary for the proper functioning of our muscles and nerves. Electrolyte levels in our body can become too high or too low. This usually happens when the amount of water in our body changes, causing dehydration or overhydration. To better understand the sodium level, I explain more about the pathophysiology of hypernatremia and hyponatremia in the body. According to Ignatavicius and Workman (2006), electrolytes, or ions, are substances found in body fluids that carry an electrical charge. Cations have positive charges; anions have negative charges. For homeostasis, the total number of cations in the body is normally equal to the total number of anions. In healthy people, the milliequivalents (mEq) per liter of electrolytes in the body vary within a relatively narrow range. However, the distribution of ions differs between extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). Most electrolytes have different concentrations in ECF and ICF. When electrolytes are not in balance, the patient is at risk for impaired health, because electrolytes regulate acid-base distribution and balance and maintain a balanced degree of neuromuscular excitability. Sodium is the main positive ion in fluid outside cells (extracellular fluid). and is respo...... middle of paper ......art disease and stroke. Patients with high blood pressure, kidney or heart problems, and other medical problems should avoid sodium. Hypernatremia can be prevented or corrected by ensuring adequate fluid intake in older adults or those without access to water. Dietary sodium restriction may be necessary to prevent excess sodium in kidney problems. Drug treatments may aim to prevent further increases in serum sodium and to decrease elevated serum sodium levels. ConclusionSodium is an important electrolyte in our body because it helps maintain body fluid homeostasis. It also helps regulate the amount of water in our body organ. Too high or too low a sodium level can cause cells to malfunction and lead to death. So be more careful about what you eat and always consult the doctor if we have any questions about healthy diet..