Traditional food is very important to almost all ethnic groups because it stems from their local culture, spirituality, religion, values ​​and outlook in health matters. Canada's Indigenous population is made up of First Nations, Métis and Inuit people who share very similar culture, spirituality and values, all closely linked to traditional food, land and community. Historically, the indigenous peoples of Canada had the healthiest and most balanced diet until their colonization and westernization. Diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in Canada. Compared to other Canadians, Indigenous people suffer disproportionately from type 2 diabetes and its complications. In Canada, prevalence rates are three times higher among Aboriginal men and five times higher among women than in the non-Aboriginal population (Health Canada, 1999b; Bobet, 2000). Indigenous women in Canada bear a disproportionate burden of poor health and have lower life expectancy, higher morbidity rates and suicide rates compared to non-Indigenous women. Patterns of dietary change, moving from traditional foods to a diet high in energy, saturated fats and simple sugars, have been observed in many First Nations communities. Additionally, the shift in living conditions from a nomadic, open-air, self-sufficient lifestyle to living on small reserves located in rural or commercial areas has contributed to the increase in disease. When examining diabetes in indigenous populations, it is important to distinguish between the different peoples included in this definition. These populations include First Nations, Métis and/or Inuit. The term Aboriginal in this essay will primarily be used to talk about the sense of self-worth and belonging, which has a major impact on the health of Aboriginal people. women. A study of Manitoba Aboriginal women conducted by the Prairie Center of Excellence for Women's Health in 2004 found that Aboriginal women recognized the important connections between health and well-being and their cultural identity. Indigenous peoples' cultural identities are inseparable from their family, history, community, place and spirituality, and all of these are integrated into a broad and holistic understanding of health and well-being. Women in the study recognized that many factors shaped their health and well-being, including poverty, housing, violence and addictive behaviors. However, loss of cultural identity served as a potential anchor for unhealthy and dangerous behavior that led to illness. .