Drip irrigation, also commonly known as micro-irrigation, drip irrigation, low volume irrigation or xerigation. This is an irrigation method that efficiently delivers water to the soil surface or root zone; This is done by slowly dripping water from emitting devices, most commonly referred to as “drip emitters” or “drippers.” The earliest forms of drip irrigation date back to ancient times, where clay pots were filled with water and then buried in the ground. this allowed water to gradually flow towards the root zone of neighboring vegetation. The first formal development of drip irrigation systems began around 1866 in Afghanistan, where they tested drip irrigation and drainage systems using various types of clay pipes. A Colorado State University researcher, Mr. E.B. House, began applying groundwater directly to the root zone in 1913. Perforated pipes were first used in Germany around 1920. After After World War II, the ability to mold plastics became more widespread and cost-effective. . This helped pave the way for innovations in the manufacturing of drip irrigation system components. Around this time, polyethylene (PE) tubes, also called "micro tubes" or "spaghetti tubes", as well as early versions of emitters (drippers), became more common and began to be installed throughout the United States and Europe. In Israel, Simcha Blass and Yeshayahu Blass were innovators in the field of transmitter design. They created a method for water to flow through longer and wider passages inside the transmitter. These “mazes,” as they were called, led to fewer blockages. The speed of water moving through the maze and resulting...... middle of paper...... irrigation focuses on the following three soil types: clay, silt and sand. Clay soils contain densely packed particles that have little space for water or air. Water is absorbed very slowly and runoff may occur if water is applied quickly. When wet, water tends to drip away from the emitter. Clay soils retain water very well and can remain wet for several days. Choose ½ and 1 GPH drip emitters when planting in clay soils. Dripper spacing tends to be further apart. Sandy soils are very loose and provide plenty of space for water or air. Water is absorbed very quickly and there is usually no runoff. When wet, water tends to flow directly into the ground. Sandy soils retain water poorly and can dry out very quickly. Choose 2 and 4 GPH drip emitters when planting in sandy soils. Drip emitter spacing tends to be closer together.