By the turn of the 17th century, twelve of England's colonies were well on their way to surviving in the New World. The only colony that did not begin until 1700 was Georgia. These twelve colonies, although unique as individual colonies, began to form similarities. Although Eastern America was settled by the English in the 18th century, motivations, geography, and the settlers themselves created two distinct societies, New England and Chesapeake. The motivations of the founders of the colonies in each region played an important role in the development of the region. Sir Walter Raleigh and the Virginia Company, a joint stock company, were among the first to attempt to develop colonies in the New World. Their motivation for establishing Roanoke and Jamestown in the Chesapeake region was, above all, to make money. Thus, the constant reminder that their primary goal was to make a profit influenced the Virginia settlers. However, this belief in making profits nearly caused the collapse of the colony as its settlers were more interested in finding gold than building shelters and growing food, and eventually found their outlet in the cash crop, tobacco, which John Rolfe perfected. Virginians were already greedy and self-centered. They were more concerned with personal gain than with equality, hence the emergence of different levels of society. Life was centered on plantations and so the wealthy planters were the most important. Their constant need for labor led to the introduction of land grants and indentured servants through the straight head system. Additionally, the Carolines, exclusive colonies created by Lord Berekley et al, were created strictly for the purpose of benefiting the owner, which they ultimately did due to cash crops as well. However, in the New England region, the...... middle of paper ......owners with too much political and economic power, epitomized by Governor Berkeley. Thus, freed and landless indentured servants revolted in 1676 during Bacon's Rebellion, as told in Bacon's Manifesto symbolizing the conflict in Virginia between its aristocratic and poor back-county residents over the concentration of power of the aristocracy and refusal to help those living on the border. Both Chesapeake and New England ended up prospering during the colonial era, even with very different institutions and opinions. The forces that motivated the founding of the colonies, geography, and the settlers themselves influenced the contrast. However, over the next century, New England and Chesapeake would discover that the forces of freedom would lead them to find common ground: freedom from Great Britain during the American Revolution...