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  • Essay / The Second Viennese School's Approach to Composition

    Over time, the music of humanity moved from disorder to order; Tonal music was one of the most brilliant chapters of the 17th century before Schoenberg's great transformation of music. However, since Arnold Schoenberg, a pioneering figure of the Second Viennese School, began atonal music, a new chapter in musical composition has been created. The collapse of tonality was considered the most important step towards music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.(http://www.tourmycountry.com/austria/schoenbergviennaschool.htm)People tend to switch gingerly between the extremely vague compositional technique of Wagner, The Mystical Chords of Scriabin and the atonal chords of Schoenberg as formulated by his establishment of twelve-tone technique. Atonal music, considered from the angle of sound development and the realization of the liberation of music; is remarkable. Atonal music allows the freedom of atonality, the twelve-tone technique, the overall sequence of the music in question, incidental music and even the vast majority of electronic music. It was, and continues to be today, a complete revolution for musical thought as it completely and astonishingly reestablished the approach to musical composition. (http://www.classicfm.com/discover/periods/modern/second-viennese-school-where-start/)After experimenting with tonal music in the early 20th century, the city of Vienna became the center of classical tonality revolution, which was led by three main members: Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg and Anton Webern. The musical thought of the Second Viennese School began with an expanded tonality of late Romanticism, then with Schönberg's expression of tones, known as atonality, and later with the 12-tone technique. This musical idea was developed from the inv...... middle of paper ......cke, op. 11 and Suite for piano op. 25 are symbolic works. Musical composition is as inevitable as it is atonal; the twelve-tone system is also a necessary atonal development. In Piano Suite op.25, Schoenberg divided the row of twelve tones into three tone groups, each composed of four notes. The single row - E, F, G, bD, bG, bE, bA, D, B, C, A, bflat - forms the basis of this entire sequence. Many sequences include three or four tone groups, with the very characteristic tone group often present at the beginning of the sequence to emphasize the motivational role in the musical statement. So every time this line is used again, the motivation will be evident throughout the theme. (http://www.allmusic.com/composition/suite-for-piano-op-25-mc0002366320) In other words, the method of using these groups of sounds allows the audience to deepen the impression of the theme..