Reduction opportunityReducing greenhouse gas emissions in Australia will have implications for all economic sectors in the state (regardless of the choice of policy mechanism). A clear conclusion, which can be drawn from the modeling of reduction opportunities in this project, is that for Australia to achieve a substantial reduction in its emissions, effective reduction initiatives will be required across all economic sectors. The Australian economy is increasingly diversified and contains a number of key economic sectors, which have been the subject of various support and policy development activities. For the purposes of this discussion on the implications of reducing greenhouse gases on a sectoral basis, four key Australian economic sectors for review have been identified: transport, energy, agriculture and forestry, waste. The energy sector, while the potential for reduction in the Australian energy sector is great; Some of this potential has a net economic cost while others generate economic benefits. Reduction initiatives are a combination of: Demand management initiatives that reduce the amount of energy needed. Demand-side efficiencies that also decrease the amount of energy needed. Supply-side efficiencies. which reduce CO2-e emissions produced per unit of energy. On the supply side, changes in the energy mix that reduce CO2-e emissions produced per unit of energy. Stationary energy will continue to be stationary. It is the largest contributor to emissions in Australia. Improvements in thermal efficiency in large generation plants, energy efficiency gains in the combustion of non-electric fuels, and significant increases in renewable generation will be largely offset by the impact of economic growth on energy consumption. 'energy. ...... middle of article ...... emissions are largely determined by two factors: the number of livestock and crop-related emissions. The herd is not expected to increase during this period. The domestic livestock sector is generally considered to be operating at full capacity, with interstate imports meeting new demand. With negligible new livestock and continued efficiency in livestock management, emissions from livestock are expected to decline. However, growing demand for grain exports will lead to increased emissions from the sector. Forestry: Land use, land-use change and the forestry sector are distinct in Australia because they generate a net carbon sink. Low growth in harvestable plantations – with no likely change in deforestation or land conversion to cropland – will mean the sector will “absorb” more emissions than it produces over the forecast period..