Ethical Standard 1.19 is one of the APA guidelines most closely associated with the debate surrounding self-disclosure. The guideline recommends that psychologists not exploit people over whom they have directive, evaluative or other responsibility, such as their clients or patients (APA 1992, p. 1602). APA Ethical Principle E covers a comparable statement that highlights the fact that psychologists have influence and power over their clients and therefore should avoid using this control in a manipulative manner. Although these ethical principles do not explicitly reference the subject of self-disclosure, concerns about client exploitation are often raised in relation to therapist self-disclosure. It is abusive and unethical to self-disclose if the therapist uses that disclosure to have their own needs met by the client. Psychologists should practice non-maleficence and beneficence. The goal of psychologists should be to help others. Nonmaleficence and beneficence are the two ethical principles that are most often discussed in relation to self-disclosure, as these principles are implicit in the extensive writing on the clinical utility of therapist self-disclosure (Peterson 2002 , p.22). Non-maleficence and beneficence are also two important principles for the