Table of ContentsSummaryLiterature ReviewTesting MachinesHigh Temperature Tensile TestingSample SelectionApplications of High Temperature Tensile TestingResults and ConclusionThe Success and Results of This project required a lot of advice and assistance from many people and we were extremely privileged to have this throughout our project journey. Everything we have done is solely due to this supervision and assistance. It is our radiant feeling to record our best regards and deepest sense of gratitude to our advisor Dr. Muhammad Imran Khan for giving us the opportunity to carry out the project work as a final year project and for providing us with all the support and advice throughout the project. We warmly thank our co-advisor Dr Zia –Ul-Haq Abbas, who took keen interest in our project and was a constant source of encouragement, support and guidance throughout the project. We would also like to express our sincere appreciation to all the staff and laboratory assistants of the Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering for their timely support. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original testSummaryHigh temperature tensile testing is the method of predicting the behavior of a material under tension and in excessive temperature applications. The process is similar to the conventional tensile testing method with a slight modification. The test sample, instead of being tested at room temperature, is tested in higher temperature ranges using an oven (WF Hosford, 1992). The oven is enclosed around the test sample and the temperature is raised at a constant rate as the preset load is applied to the sample. This project aims to design and develop a strain temperature testing machine to study the relationship between temperature variation at a constant rate and induced strain in the sample at a predefined stress applied. The crosspieces were made of stainless steel to support the applied load. Two pull rods for gripping the sample were also made from stainless steel, capable of withstanding the maximum heating range of the furnace which is 400 degrees Celsius. The furnace is designed in such a way that it is capable of enclosing cavities around the specimen at the top and bottom so that the pull rods can pass through and grip the sample within the heating zone of the furnace . The furnace is made from the refractory material and the tungsten coil is used as the heating element. The coil is controlled by a temperature control unit and a thermocouple sensor is used to detect temperature changes in the heating zone of the oven. Instead of applying the load via the hydraulic or electromechanical mechanism, weights were used, which helped reduce manufacturing complexity and proved cost effective. A weight holder was welded to the lower pull rod and the weights were placed in the holder in order to apply the required load. In order to measure the strain induced in the sample as a result of the applied load, an extensometer is used. Literature Review There are several reasons to perform tensile testing. The results of these tests are used to select an appropriate material for a specific engineering application. To ensure quality, tensile properties are frequently included in thematerial specifications. When developing new materials and processes, tensile properties must be measured in order to compare different materials and processes (Mumford, 1992). More importantly, the tensile properties of a specific material are used to study its behavior under different forms of loading. Most of the time, the strength of a given material is the biggest concern. The strength of a material under consideration can be measured in two ways; either the maximum amount of stress a material can withstand before fracturing, or the minimum amount of stress necessary to plastically deform the material. The ductility of a material is also a major concern, it measures the amount of deformation a material can withstand before fracturing. Ductility measurements are not directly included in the design, but to ensure toughness and quality, they are incorporated into the material specifications. If the ductility of a given material is low, this corresponds to low tensile strength under loading. All of these strength measurements are used in engineering design while considering safety factors. Special methods such as ultrasonic techniques can be used to obtain more precise measurements (Gedney, February 2002). Testing Machines Universal testers are the most common type of testing machine, they are used to test material under compression, tension or bending. The main function of the test is to generate the stress-strain curve, which is then interpreted to study different behaviors of a material. There are two types of testing machine variants, hydraulic or electromechanical. The main difference between the two is the mechanism of load application (Harvey, p. 1968). In hydraulic testing machines, the movement of the crosshead is controlled by a single or double acting piston. The single-acting piston is more common in static hydraulic testing machines. To control the loading rate in manual hydraulic machines, the operator must adjust the needle valve orifice. In the case of a closed-loop hydraulic servo system, an electric servovalve is used instead of the needle valve, which provides more precise control (Zhu, 2011). On the other hand, electromechanical testing machines include an electric motor and a gear reduction system capable of moving the crosshead up or down using multiple screws. The specimen can be loaded in tension or compression due to the movement of the crosshead. By changing the speed of the motor, the movement of the crosshead can be controlled. In order to control the speed of the crosshead more precisely, a microprocessor-based servo system can also be installed (Davis, 2004). High Temperature Tensile Testing High temperature tensile testing is a method of determining the behavior of a certain material when subjected to stress and strain. excessive heat. In order to evaluate high-performance steels and other similar metals that must be used at elevated temperatures, these high-temperature tensile tests are performed regularly. Other materials include nickel alloys often used for jet engines and gas turbines (Hart, 1967). ).Sample SelectionThe main objective of testing any material is to find out whether the given material is suitable for a specific use. It is necessary to ensure that the test specimen represents the material observed. The specimen must have undergone the same processing procedures and come from the same material source. There.